Page 18 - Treating Oilfield Emulsions

INDEX 97

flow 14
improper functioning of, 60
gathering system, compared to pumping
modification of, for cold climate 59
system 14
modification of, for tight emulsion 59
Petroleum Extension-The University of Texas at Austin
losses 25
operation of 60
compared to volume losses 25
parts of 55
used to move well fluids 14
types of 55
gun barrel 17, 19-20, 21, 61
vertical 55-56
functioning of 20
heating
parts of 19
section 59
system 36
hydrochloric acid 35
hay 19, 21, 55, 59, 60.
header 63
immiscibility 7, 11
heat 5-6,17,41
improved recovery methods 4
and chemicals, when to add 18
initial treating installation 5
application of, in treating 2~25
inlet line 19
effect of
intermitters 12
in testing 41
compared to bottomhole chokes 12
in treating 5-6
compared to surface chokes 12
on chemicals 36
effect of, on agitation 12
on conservation of resources 25
role of, in emulsion formation 12
on emulsions 8, 18,25,36
internal phase 7
on API gravity 25
investment, initialS
on oil 25
iron
on settling time 17
sulfates 7
on viscosity 9,18
sulfide 7
on volume 25
on water separation 18
kerosene 38,42,71
exchanger 55-56, 63
knockout drops 37, 40
heater 55, 60
burner safety-shutdown control 25
LACf unit. See lease: automatic custody
direct 23
transfer (LACT) unit.
fail-safe devices 25
lease
fire tube 23, 24, 25,55
automatic custody transfer (LACT) unit 14
indirect 2~24
operator 5, 36,41
compared to direct 2~24
superintendent 5
firing up of 24-25
light ends 5,6,19
functioning of 2~24
liquids
inlet gas regulator 25
density of9
maintenance of 24
immiscible 7
parts of 23, 24, 25
weightof9
heater-treater 55-61
losses
Chemelectric~ 57,58
gravity 36, 56
advantages of 57
heat 60
when to use 57-58
volume 25, 36
electrochemical. See Chemelectric~.
lye 35
electrostatic See Chemelectric~.
functioning of, in cold climate, 59
maintenance costs 5, 80, 81
horizontal 56-57
measurement, API standard for 65
compared to vertical 56
meniscus 74
disadvantage of 56-57
methanol 38